For a Muslim man who grew up in India, moved to England, then dipped, Salman Rushdie has become an influential writer of the century (Liukkonen). Their unique experiences in the form of life in real estate have suggestively in his works. Many of his stories show the difficulty of obtaining the approval of the Company, it is a long-term problem in his life was. It has both eastern and western cultures through the combination of the two cultures in creative and stylish piecesfictional account of migration, cultural hybridization, and transnational identity.
Salman Rushdie was introduced to Oriental culture in its infancy. It was June 19, 1947 in Bombay, Maharashtra, India born. His parents, and Negin Butt Anis Ahmed Salman Rushdie was the liberal and affluent middle class (I). He was the only man of the family and had three younger sisters. Rushdie was born into a Muslim family, but did not present Islam as a priorityin your life. Although Islam was not present in her childhood was very interested in religion, why is it important for the local culture (Ahmad 1318) was.
Its themes of western culture was born because Rushdie was raised in a secular environment. His classmates at Cathedral School in Bombay (established by the Society for Anglo-Scottish education), were very different, ranging from Latin to Japanese nationality. From 1961 to 1964 he attended one of England Rushdiebest rugby schools for children. Unfortunately, he was called derogatory names his team-mates mercilessly as "tight", "children" and "Sniffer" (Ahmad 1319). Because Rushdie was the cruelty and racism in their early school years, was motivated to make these problems in the future of their works. After the rugby went to King's College, Cambridge from 1964-1968 to complete his education (Ahmad 1319).
After his apprenticeship was Salman Rushdie in England and began integrating WesternCulture. In 1976 he married Clara Luard, a proper English woman. They had a son, Zafar in 1980, but the marriage ended in divorce after seven years. The following year he married Marianne Wiggins Rushdie, American writer, but life was too stressful for the shelter Rushdie, so that the long marriage. Elizabeth West was his third wife in 1997 and had a son named Milan. But in 2000, after four decades in London, Rushdie and Elizabeth, had two children and moved to NewYork, in particular, Padma Lakshmi, the fourth and current wife since 2004 (Ahmad 1322). love relationships undoubtedly had an influence on Rushdie and his works. Another theme of his stories is the search and retrieval of love. Since the life of Rushdie has generated many ideas that can meet complex due to their constant gain fame.
increase Rushdie during his career has been a progressive success. Her first fiction story, "Over the Rainbow" was written at the age of ten years. Since 19691980 Rushdie has lived in precarious jobs to do in advertising, as amended in 1980, but his fortune with the publication of Midnight's Children (Ahmad 1319). In 1981 he won the Booker McConnell Prize, the highest award in England and in 1993 won the Booker of Bookers', the price of labor, the Booker of the best receivers in the last twenty years (Holcombe) believe. While Midnight's Children Rushdie drew the attention of the literaturesatanic verses that made him famous around the world (Ahmad 1320).
The Satanic Verses is a highly controversial novel had many opponents, because it has been found to violate the beliefs of Islamic culture. "The Satanic Verses (1988) was for the enemies who made the famous" (Ahmad 1320). The book of fiction outraged the devout Muslims, because of their lack of respect for the references to religion, Islam. Ayatollah Khomeini, Muslim religious leaders, a fatwa against Rushdie in 1989.He and other extremists to kill raised millions of dollars on Rushdie, and Rushdie was soon forced into hiding ("Salman Rushdie," The biography of discovery). Rushdie After seven years of his hiding and was found Sept. 25, 1998, the Iranian government lifted the fatwa, despite the fact that some fundamentalist groups, "said the fatwa could not be repealed. Rushdie has been reported to have said that withdrawal of fatwa was "a step toward the light" ("(Ahmed) Salman Rushdie).After long years of hiding in a book of fiction that was to write an intentional crime Rushdie has begun to live a normal life. This incident affected his work because it was in the area of waste in society. In their days of "light" and "dark," writes Rushdie, to be presented at the similar structures in many works.
In Salman Rushdie's collection of short stories, East, West, Rushdie explores the lives of ethnic and EasternThe conflicts they face in Western contexts (Ho). East, West, and the combination of East and West: the story collection is divided into three groups. "Good advice is rarer than rubies" deals with events in the East, "In the auction of the red shoes," deals with events in the West, and "The Courter" refers to cultural hybridization of both cultures (I). These stories are very similar in characterization, symbolism andthe topic.
"Good advice is rarer than rubies" examines how people live content in an oriental atmosphere. Miss Rehana, a beautiful Indian woman was on her way to get approval to go to Britain, where Muhammad Ali, who provides expert advice, take free to ask his advice. It explains how to obtain permission. Muhammad Ali, then tried with the suggestion that he get a fake passport for his help. Disgusted leaves Miss Rehana Ali Muhammadand goes to get his permission. When it comes to smile, Muhammad Ali was the kind permission. She says they get permission, because I had an arranged marriage, an old man who lives in England required. But then he went on to say that they do not get permission, why not follow his advice. However, she is still happy because he did not want to go to England to marry the old man.
"Good advice is rarer than rubies" refers to small townPeople in India have different properties. The main character is a young and beautiful girl, Miss Rehana. This is not typical of the works of Rushdie because of his stories, the protagonist is usually a male figure (Ahmad 1323). "Miss Rehana had big eyes and blacks and light enough not to report on the help of antimony and need when she saw Muhammad Ali, he felt more and more young people" (Rushdie 5). Men tend to fawn over her because of her complaint. An examplethe superficiality of the people when Muhammad appears ready for a free consultation on how to obtain permission to us to get the thing over a long period was Ali. Another feature to find in history is the reliability of the people. At the end of the story of Miss Rehana has shown an unreliable character, which is an attribute of the characters in Rushdie (Holcombe). When, after the application for authorization with a smile, think of Muhammad Ali and readersHe received permission, but not in reality. Miss Rehana married not to go against the social pressure, as an unhappy life with a man who has not lived. The misery was depicted many times in history, but it was symbolized by the permit requirement in London.
The symbolism of the approval of London focuses on the concept of satisfaction in the world. "Now I go to Lahore and my work again. I work in a big house, or three verses as good guys. Hadwas sad to see me "(Rushdie 15). If Miss Rehana had been given permission to go to London, he had everything he loved behind India. Muhammad Ali left, described the approval process to get a difficult task for the ' investigation applicator. Therefore, the approval also symbolizes that integration is difficult to achieve. go with so many obstacles in the way of constant Miss Rehana to London, we can conclude that they migrate to the story was intended toand leave his home in India. His house is signifigant in India, and is also one of the themes of the story.
Indian nationalism is a subject of "Good advice is rarer than rubies." He was in the final as the reason for Miss Rehana decided not to go to England. But there are many other topics in history. For example, the attraction are arranged marriages and other issues. The men were attracted to Miss Rehana, and the attraction has become good works, especiallyMuhammad Ali. He gave the advice that has helped him permission denied. History also shows that luck was actually stronger than marriage and arranged marriage is not working. "It 's been a combined engagement ... I was nine years old when my parents are, Mustafa Dar-thirty at that time ... Then my parents died and Mustafa Dar went to England and said he would send for me. ' Was many years "(Rushdie 14). Miss Rehana wanted a happy lifeIndia, instead of a miserable life in England. This book had a lot to do with events in the East, but Rushdie had much to say about the West.
"In the auction of the red shoes," describes the history of Western culture. The unnamed protagonist is an auction for sale of a pair of red shoes. The protagonist thinks that by buying the red shoes that would win her love, Gale. Why do so many people who want tothe red shoes do not offer the highest price, and therefore does not receive the shoes. But the character still remain convinced that life goes on and the next auction Gale buy something to impress the anticipation.
"In the auction of the red shoes," describes life in the West. The stories of the "western group" are pretty boring, because there are no dilemmas of cultural diversity (I) are. E 'was only a main character in history, andCharacterization is unique compared to other characters in Rushdie, which shows more hope (Ahmad 1324) that pessimism. He seemed to live on his own, a sense of maturity, but it was still one superficial, desperate, and others. The man was very shallow, because I thought that the shoes lovers will want to appeal. I was desperate for love, and was determined to do, to do so. Although the red shoes are demonstrablyPrice materialist thinks the narrator, who represented something entirely different.
The Red Shoes, readers are symbolized according to the narrator's point of view o. According to the narrator, red shoes are a form of success. With the shoes, the winners want a recognition between the different crowd. He wanted desperately to find love, and believed that the shoes that make you. But theaverage reader, slippers, ruby red symbolizes the materialism and stupidity. Reader to believe that the narrator is very naive to believe that her lover would return the shoes. If this were true, the world would describe the story as a very materialistic. But instead, there are more positive topics.
There are some problems western "The auction of the red shoes." History has shown a sense of unity in diversityPeople in the auction, all at the same price. But at the same time, competition is an issue that wakes people. Along with the competition, there is always the possibility of failure that led to the narrator. In the end, the narrator learns that life goes on and not give up because it is another auction next week. As in the previous story, a love theme. This story is superficial attraction, as above,also shows how love makes do crazy things.
The latest collection of short stories, East, West is "The Courter." The story of "The Courter" is how the child learns from the difficulties of cultural integration. The young man goes through a series of difficult experiences of life in the west, a nightmare. His family laughed at his actions in this standard, as the wrong vocabulary. They are also victims of violent attacks. However,which is still in good works, which take place in the West.
Will the characters of "The Courter" distinction, because they are ethnic East in the time western. There are very few characters in the story, but the main male protagonist is the girl who remained unnamed. The child is a young immigrant living in England, whose parents came from India. Because the boy was still very young, tend to be very immature for others. Gave nicknames people strong, and often playedcruel joke on them. But when discrimination against the people, his family started, and began to learn from their experiences.
The game of chess has been an icon in the history of "The Courter." Represented the happiness of the family in a game that requires thinking and skill. The family did not feel discriminated against during the game. It was his way of enjoying that could not be bothered by trivial matters. The game is common in East and West. It shows howthe two cultures are combined in the same interest. hybridization was the most important point in history, and showed how to integrate the cultures, it can be tedious to learn (Ahmad 1323).
The main problem is the integration of history and identity. The boy was sitting with the terrible events of abuse of his family because it is the culture of English as the others were. E 'is for the family, the prejudice against them carry heavy, but never gave up. Withall of these experiences began, young people to see their identity in the world (Liukkonen). Indigenous ethnic group living in a world in English. Although he was embarrassed by their parents constantly cultural mistake was, he realized he would have done the same.
In his novels, Rushdie certainly represented the shortcomings and advantages of the characters who made history entertaining piece of fiction. It defines the boundaries between East and West, and showed when they collide.Because of this unique writing style makes his place in the twentieth century.
Due to the different ethnic background of Salman Rushdie, who brings a unique style of British literature. "The world's cultural and religious diversity of India and the United Kingdom Rushdie offers a range of issues and questions that reflect all the time and break through his works" (I). While his works, Rushdie often speak of integration and the difficulties that come with them(Ahmad 1317). One common style in his works is the way the story is fictional and a "new kind" (Holcombe). His distinctive style sets him apart from other contemporary British authors who follow a modern style, while Rushdie is a romantic style, postmodern and post-colonial trend.
Contemporary British authors tend to follow the literary movement of modernism. literary modernity focuses on breaking the rules, and new perspectives (Fajardo-Acosta).The authors of the Modern went against public opinion in writing, of the liberal ideas of his works ("modernism"). Despite the fact that modernity is often the work of English authors, Rushdie is not considered an author of modern times. Not designed to break with tradition, but combine the different traditions of different cultures.
Rushdie is a prime example of a romance writer for his emphasis on individualism (Holcombe). "The key objectivesRomance are various: a return to nature and belief in the goodness of mankind, the rediscovery of the artist as a highly individual operators, the development of national pride and the exaltation of the senses and emotions over reason and intellect "( "Characteristics of Romance"). These key points have been exhibited in works of Rushdie. "The Courter" describes the good works as the "Mixed-Up, with the exception of the ladies of a violent attack. "Good advice is rarer than rubies" is alsothe goodness of men, when Muhammad Ali advises Miss Rehana. This story shows a sense of national pride in India, when Miss Rehana remained in India because it was his true home. Another story by Rushdie, "In the auction of the red shoes, also showed his romantic writings. The main character expresses individualism when it comes to being away from the diversity of others in the auction. The romance is toothe character brings feelings over intellect. He was ready to spend good money for the red shoes, because I thought it would win her love. Romance is something involved with post-modernism, another literary movement in which Rushdie is.
Salman Rushdie is a postmodern writer for his constant themes of coexistence, which appear in his works (Ahmad 1317) by. Postmodernism is characterized by an emphasis on the ideas of value andThe independence of the local society, the number of results of human existence and coexistence of the clash of cultures "(Fajardo-Acosta)." Good advice is rarer than rubies "post-modern writing exposes Rushdie. The story told how the city of independent India, and lived in simple needs were. Was the story is also a problem of interaction when they spoke of how Indians lived and how even the smallest job as a bus driver, as seen inSociety. "The Courter" showed how the autonomy of the individual on the works of good people was based. If Rushdie is identified as postmodern, it is generally recognized as a post-colonial as well.
Salman Rushdie is a strong supporter of the movement post-colonial literature (Ahmad 1317). Post-colonialism is characterized by the representation of the experiences of victims or the people of colonial power (Fajardo-Acosta). His short story "The Courter," is a great example ofPost-colonialism, as it constitutes discrimination against the eastern city in Western culture. The character, "Mixed-Up" was attacked in western society, because she was a victim of prejudice. However, Salman Rushdie is not usually allow for an end to internal divisions that occur in their works. A sense of satisfaction comes more from the characters, in which different cultures meet.
Salman Rushdie was a literary success for many reasons. His trainingand children had personal experience of integration of the key themes and morals was their works. Because of the individuality of Rushdie and the other contemporary British because they followed the various literary movements was lost. Rushdie made use of narrative and argumentative story funny story that readers scattered all over the world. Rushdie's work in the world for freedom of expression and political statements affected. Salman Rushdie stilltwenty-first century, the British author whose success came from his literary talent and political thought will be remembered.
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